With the Preimplantation Genetic Test (PGT) performed to determine whether there are genetic anomalies in the embryos created within the IVF treatment, embryo cells are screened for genetic diseases and chromosomal disorders. The main purpose of these advanced screening methods is to transfer the healthiest embryos to the uterus and to increase the likelihood of a healthy birth.1 A series of tests are performed to evaluate embryos before they are transferred to the uterus.2 This screening, which is extremely useful in selected couples, has recently been included in the scope of state-supported IVF treatment if certain conditions are met.3 The scope of support is limited to three PGTtests.
PGT enables the evaluation of quality embryos in terms of genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. Genetic anomalies can be found even in the trouble-free embryos created during the IVF treatment process. As a matter of fact, this is one of the reasons why healthy embryos cannot always achieve healthy pregnancies and live births. For this reason, PGT is considered as an extremely important stage in IVF treatment that has an increasing effect on success.
The widely used method today is to test embryos that have reached the blastocyst stage. After the embryo formation, the follow-up process is started and by the 5th day, biopsy is performed from the outer cell layer.
Different genetic screening tests can be performed on embryos. With the help of advanced technologies, certain chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases can be screened in embryos.4 These tests, which make it possible to diagnose genetic anomalies that can also be found in quality embryos, can significantly increase the success rate of IVF treatment, prevent recurrent IVF failures and increase the likelihood of couples having children.
Genetic screening in embryos is not a routine test in IVF treatment, it may become a necessity in certain cases.
There are many advantages to preimplantation genetic screening. With PGT, the risk of miscarriage can be minimized, the probability of live birth can be increased, and the implantation rate of embryos can be increased. PGT, which is also known to prevent the compulsory termination of pregnancy, is one of the advanced techniques applied within IVF treatment.
1 https://fertility.wustl.edu/treatments-services/genetic-counseling/preimplantation-genetic-testing-pgt/
2 https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2020/03/preimplantation-genetic-testing
3 https://www.sma.org.tr/duyuru/529/sgk-geri-odeme-kapsamina-dahil-edilen-pgt-ile-ilgili-detayli-bilgi
4 https://fertility.wustl.edu/treatments-services/genetic-counseling/preimplantation-genetic-testing-faq/
5 https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gynecology_obstetrics/specialty_areas/fertility-center/infertility-services/preimplantation-genetic-testing.html
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